Pyriform Aperture Stenosis: Difference between revisions
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{{infobox Disease | {{infobox Disease | ||
|Title = | |Title = | ||
|Aliases = | |Aliases = Congenital Nasal Pyriform Aperture Stenosis (CNPAS) | ||
|Image = [[Human skull with piriform aperture circled.png]] | |Image = [[Human skull with piriform aperture circled.png]] | ||
|Caption = | |Caption = | ||
| Line 19: | Line 19: | ||
=== History === | === History === | ||
- | The earliest described case of congenital pyriform aperture stenosis repair in the literature was by Douglas in 1952.<ref>DOUGLAS B. The relief of vestibular nasal obstruction by partial resection of the nasal process of the superior maxilla. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1952 Jan 1;9(1):42-51.</ref> | ||
== Pathophysiology == | == Pathophysiology == | ||
Revision as of 13:14, 21 July 2025
Overview
Pyriform aperture stenosis is a congenital malformation resulting in a narrowed pyriform aperture and subsequent nasal obstruction.
History
The earliest described case of congenital pyriform aperture stenosis repair in the literature was by Douglas in 1952.[1]
Pathophysiology
Relevant Anatomy
Key anatomy includes the structures of the nasal cavity and midface.
-
Skull with highlighted pyriform aperture
-
Midface anatomy
Disease Etiology
Genetics
Diagnosis
Patient History
It is important to take a focused history related to any airway or feeding symptoms, including:
- Prolonged feeding times
- Needing frequent breaks during feeds
- Cyanosis or increased respiratory effort, especially with feeding
- BRUE's
- Difficulty placing nasogastric tubes
- Family history of genetic conditions with anatomic malformations
Physical Examination
Imaging
CT maxillofacial will demonstrate decreased pyriform aperture diameter, especially on axial view. A pyriform aperture width of less than 11 mm is diagnostic for pyriform aperture stenosis.[2]
Differential Diagnosis
Management
Medical Management
Surgical Management
Outcomes
Complications
Prognosis
References
- ↑ DOUGLAS B. The relief of vestibular nasal obstruction by partial resection of the nasal process of the superior maxilla. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1952 Jan 1;9(1):42-51.
- ↑ Belden CJ, Mancuso AA, Schmalfuss IM. CT features of congenital nasal piriform aperture stenosis: initial experience. Radiology. 1999 Nov;213(2):495-501.